show Abstracthide AbstractThe study aims to examine the effects of homo- and hetero- grafting on the transcriptome level of seedlings. Therefore, we compared homo-grafted watermelon (WW) to non-grafted watermelon control (W), homo-grafted squash (SS) to non-grafted squash control (S), hetero-grafted watermelon onto squash (WS) to homo-grafted squash (SS), and hetero-grafted watermelon onto squash (WS) to homo-grafted watermelon (WW). The goal of this study is to provide a starting point for the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of hetero- and homo-grafting in Cucurbitaceae and generally in plants.